Ukrainian lawmakers appointed a new defense minister on Wednesday, hours after his ousted predecessor dealt a major blow to President Volodymyr Zelenskiy with a call for elections in wartime.

Yevhenii Khmara, a former top special forces operative, takes up the critical defense portfolio amid fresh political turmoil for the president, who had faced weeks of protests over his dismissal of 35-year-old reformer Mykhailo Fedorov.

Khmara’s appointment also took place just hours after anti-corruption authorities announced charges against a deputy chief of Zelenskiy’s office as part of an alleged $3 million money-laundering scheme.

Fedorov’s removal as defense minister in July brought thousands of demonstrators onto the streets in rare wartime protests over a surprise shake-up seen as poorly communicated to the public at a critical time in the war with Russia.

His bold call for elections in the fifth year of fighting drew accusations of populism in a country where a majority of people still oppose a wartime vote, even though many argue that Ukraine needs fresh faces in power.

“He chose to move on the populist trajectory, underlining the risks and challenges for democratic process of election,” said Lesia Bidochko, a policy fellow at the European Policy Institute in Kyiv.

Zelenskiy has yet to respond directly to Fedorov’s call, but the president’s communications adviser Dmytro Lytvyn told reporters that “Russia’s daily drone and missile strikes are the exhaustive answer to this question.”

Major Challenge

In his statement late on Tuesday, Fedorov said the country faced a crisis of governance and that Ukraine’s democratic process “cannot be held hostage by Russia”.

Wartime elections are prohibited under law. An August 5 poll by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology showed 57% of Ukrainians believe they should only take place after the war, given that hundreds of thousands of troops are on the front line and Russian missiles and drones are raining down on Ukrainian cities, towns and villages.

“We must find a legal, safe and realistic mechanism that will allow Ukraine to renew its full democratic process even in the conditions of a long war,” said Fedorov.

He did not say whether he would compete in any election, but another recent poll indicated the tech-savvy Fedorov – Zelenskiy’s longest-standing ally – would comfortably beat his former boss in a runoff vote.

Bidochko said there was still no realistic procedure for organizing a vote, with millions of Ukrainians living as refugees overseas, displaced within the country, and serving in the military.

“Currently, it looks like an elegant way of occupying the opposition space without taking responsibility for the mechanics,” she said of Fedorov.

Opinion on the streets and online was mixed on Wednesday. The evening rally in support of Fedorov in central Kyiv was very sparsely attended, with a Reuters reporter seeing just over a dozen protesters.

“On the one hand, holding elections right now isn’t the best idea. On the other hand, it’s like a serious ultimatum to the president that could make him reconsider his appointments,” said Ivan Hnatenko, one of the protesters who gathered in front of the parliament ahead of the vote on Khmara.

Dmytro Koziatynskyi, a veteran combat medic who had called for the original protests to reinstate Fedorov in July, took to social media to wish Khmara success and indicate that the protest is now over.

“I cannot imagine how to technically provide the possibility of a vote to thousands of service personnel currently serving at the front,” he wrote on X.

Zelenskiy’s ‘Drone’

Khmara, who briefly served as acting head of Ukraine’s SBU security service, was not Zelenskiy’s primary pick for defense minister and he was named as a placeholder only after the protests broke out.

Best known as the mastermind of Ukraine’s deep strikes into Russia, Khmara steps into the role as Kyiv struggles to defend against mounting Russian ballistic-missile attacks and grinding advances on the front line.

Two of his predecessors had led the ministry for barely half a year each, fueling accusations of a lack of consistency at the country’s most important ministry.

“Yevhenii Khmara is the president’s drone: photogenic, heroic, obedient, and lacking its own governing system”, said Mariana Bezuhla, an outspoken lawmaker with the presidential faction.

Protesters and opposition lawmakers have cited Khmara’s strong reputation, but have lashed out at Zelenskiy for what they saw as a poorly explained decision to sack Fedorov.

New Investigation

Ukraine’s anti-corruption authorities said in a YouTube video they had uncovered a group including a deputy head of the presidential office in a scheme that aimed to pay for bail in an existing energy corruption scandal.

The announcement built on a major investigation unveiled last November into an alleged $100 million kickback scheme at the state atomic energy agency that ensnared Zelenskiy’s then-chief of staff, sparking widespread public anger.

The anti-graft agencies did not name the official, but Zelenskiy dismissed adviser Iryna Mudra shortly after the probe was announced. She later confirmed searches had taken place at her home, adding that she was fully co-operating with the investigation and that she would defend her good name.

(Additional reporting by Anna Pruchnicka, Felix Hoske and Max Hunder; Editing by Daniel Flynn, Gareth Jones and Chizu Nomiyama )