A year ago, allegations against Israel for committing genocide in Gaza were being raised by human rights groups and scholars, Nicole Narea wrote on VOX.

The accusations followed Israel’s response to the October 7, 2023, attack by Hamas with an intense military campaign. The question remains whether new evidence has emerged to support these claims.

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Several scholars initially hesitated to label the situation as genocide, noting that it’s challenging to meet the high threshold required by international law.

Crimes against humanity or war crimes were cited as likely, but the legal requirements for genocide were more difficult to establish.

In the year since, the conditions in Gaza have worsened. A Sept. report by Refugees International pointed to a “severe hunger crisis” in the region, exacerbated by Israel’s restrictions on aid.

South Africa has also brought a case to the International Court of Justice accusing Israel of genocide.

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Experts VOX spoke to last year now show greater confidence that genocide is occurring. Raz Segal, a Holocaust and genocide studies professor, stands by his earlier statement that Israel’s actions fit a “textbook case” of genocide. He cited explicit statements from Israeli officials indicating intent, including calls for a “complete siege” on Gaza.

Yet, not all scholars agree. Dov Waxman of UCLA still believes Israel’s actions, while brutal, lack the required intent for genocide.

The ICJ may eventually decide, but even without a ruling, many believe the evidence and impact are undeniable.

Michael Becker of Trinity College noted that South Africa’s case continues to amass evidence, while others stress the importance of addressing the unfolding crisis, regardless of legal terminology.

Read more at VOX.