The federal government shutdown could soon come to an end. But that will not immediately fix the problems afflicting air travel.

Even if the government ends the flight restrictions in place at 40 busy airports that contributed to widespread disruptions over the weekend, it will take days for airlines to recover. And long-standing challenges to the nation’s aviation system remain.

“Even before the shutdown, there was widespread recognition that we were dealing with an ailing air traffic control system,” a coalition of groups representing all facets of aviation, from pilots to airlines to airplane manufacturers, said in an open letter to Congress on Tuesday, urging lawmakers to reopen the government.

Congress approved $12.5 billion this year to modernize the air traffic control system, and the Transportation Department has prioritized hiring more air traffic controllers. But “the shutdown takes all of that in the wrong direction,” said the letter, which was published in a full-page advertisement in The Washington Post.

There is a shortfall of about 3,000 air traffic controllers, leaving the more than 14,000 working long, stressful schedules. The shutdown, the longest in U.S. history, has increased the pressure on those controllers, who are considered essential and required to work despite not being paid. Some of them have taken other jobs to make ends meet.

Citing the need to relieve the stress on those controllers and improve air safety, the Federal Aviation Administration ordered airlines to cut flights by 4% at 40 of the nation’s busiest airports starting Friday. That, alongside controller staffing shortages, contributed to thousands of canceled flights over the weekend. The disruption peaked Sunday, when about 1 in 10 scheduled flights did not take off, making it the fourth-worst day of the year for flight cancellations.

The disruptions have extended into this week, as the agency’s restrictions increased to 6% Tuesday and will reach 10% Friday, threatening to cause chaos for Thanksgiving travel.

But there is hope that the holiday will be spared. The Senate approved a deal Monday to end the shutdown, and the House could act quickly to pass it, too.

It could still take days for airlines to recover. That is because carriers canceled flights days in advance to give customers notice about the disruptions and to ensure that pilots, flight attendants and planes were all in place for the flights that would operate as scheduled.

“Airlines’ reduced flight schedules cannot immediately bounce back to full capacity right after the government reopens,” Airlines for America, a trade group that represents the largest passenger and cargo airlines, said in a statement Monday. “It will take time, and there will be residual effects for days.”

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This article originally appeared in The New York Times.

By Niraj Chokshi/Jamie Kelter Davis
c. 2025 The New York Times Company